diff --git a/doc/api/http2.md b/doc/api/http2.md
index 4ee7696cfa15..e6dd6c418692 100644
--- a/doc/api/http2.md
+++ b/doc/api/http2.md
@@ -3718,7 +3718,7 @@ For incoming headers:
 * The `:status` header is converted to `number`.
 * Duplicates of `:status`, `:method`, `:authority`, `:scheme`, `:path`,
   `:protocol`, `age`, `authorization`, `access-control-allow-credentials`,
-  `access-control-max-age`, `access-control-request-method`, `content-encoding`,
+  `access-control-max-age`, `access-control-request-method`,
   `content-language`, `content-length`, `content-location`, `content-md5`,
   `content-range`, `content-type`, `date`, `dnt`, `etag`, `expires`, `from`,
   `host`, `if-match`, `if-modified-since`, `if-none-match`, `if-range`,
diff --git a/lib/internal/http2/util.js b/lib/internal/http2/util.js
index 8007b300bd1b..f0f80aa175ef 100644
--- a/lib/internal/http2/util.js
+++ b/lib/internal/http2/util.js
@@ -64,7 +64,6 @@ const {
   HTTP2_HEADER_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_METHOD,
   HTTP2_HEADER_AGE,
   HTTP2_HEADER_AUTHORIZATION,
-  HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LANGUAGE,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LENGTH,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LOCATION,
@@ -136,7 +135,6 @@ const kSingleValueFields = new SafeSet([
   HTTP2_HEADER_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_METHOD,
   HTTP2_HEADER_AGE,
   HTTP2_HEADER_AUTHORIZATION,
-  HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LANGUAGE,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LENGTH,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LOCATION,
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-http2-content-encoding.js b/test/parallel/test-http2-content-encoding.js
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..dadf306da811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-http2-content-encoding.js
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+'use strict';
+
+const common = require('../common');
+if (!common.hasCrypto)
+  common.skip('missing crypto');
+const assert = require('node:assert/strict');
+const http2 = require('node:http2');
+const { once } = require('node:events');
+
+// Content-Encoding is a list (RFC 9110 section 8.4). Preserve all codings
+// in their original order, regardless of single-value field validation.
+async function test(options, value) {
+  const values = Array.isArray(value) ? value : [value];
+  const expectedRaw = values.flatMap((v) => ['content-encoding', v]);
+  const expected = values.join(', ');
+
+  function check(headers, rawHeaders) {
+    assert.strictEqual(headers['content-encoding'], expected);
+    const raw = [];
+    for (let i = 0; i < rawHeaders.length; i += 2) {
+      if (rawHeaders[i] === 'content-encoding')
+        raw.push(rawHeaders[i], rawHeaders[i + 1]);
+    }
+    assert.deepStrictEqual(raw, expectedRaw);
+  }
+
+  const server = http2.createServer(options);
+  server.on('stream', common.mustCall((stream, headers, flags, rawHeaders) => {
+    check(headers, rawHeaders);
+    stream.respond({ 'content-encoding': value });
+    stream.end();
+  }));
+  server.listen(0);
+  await once(server, 'listening');
+
+  const client = http2.connect(`http://localhost:${server.address().port}`, options);
+  const req = client.request({ 'content-encoding': value });
+  req.on('response', common.mustCall((headers, flags, rawHeaders) => {
+    check(headers, rawHeaders);
+  }));
+  req.resume();
+  req.end();
+  await once(req, 'end');
+  client.close();
+  await once(client, 'close');
+  await new Promise((resolve) => server.close(resolve));
+}
+
+(async () => {
+  for (const options of [{}, { strictSingleValueFields: true },
+                         { strictSingleValueFields: false }]) {
+    for (const value of ['gzip', 'gzip, br', ['gzip', 'br'],
+                         ['br', 'gzip'], ['gzip', 'gzip']]) {
+      await test(options, value);
+    }
+  }
+})().then(common.mustCall());
diff --git a/test/parallel/test-http2-util-headers-list.js b/test/parallel/test-http2-util-headers-list.js
index 09135e865d4f..c6f7bc38d04f 100644
--- a/test/parallel/test-http2-util-headers-list.js
+++ b/test/parallel/test-http2-util-headers-list.js
@@ -219,7 +219,6 @@ const {
   HTTP2_HEADER_ACCESS_CONTROL_REQUEST_METHOD,
   HTTP2_HEADER_AGE,
   HTTP2_HEADER_AUTHORIZATION,
-  HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LANGUAGE,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LENGTH,
   HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_LOCATION,
@@ -267,6 +266,7 @@ const {
 });
 
 [
+  HTTP2_HEADER_CONTENT_ENCODING,
   HTTP2_HEADER_ACCEPT_CHARSET,
   HTTP2_HEADER_ACCEPT_ENCODING,
   HTTP2_HEADER_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE,
@@ -419,3 +419,10 @@ assert.strictEqual(getAuthority({
   assert.strictEqual(headers.age, '10');
   assert.strictEqual(headers['x-multi'], 'first, second');
 }
+
+// Content-Encoding is an ordered list, including repeated content codings.
+for (const values of [['gzip', 'br'], ['br', 'gzip'], ['gzip', 'gzip']]) {
+  const rawHeaders = values.flatMap((value) => ['content-encoding', value]);
+  assert.strictEqual(toHeaderObject(rawHeaders)['content-encoding'],
+                     values.join(', '));
+}